Metal-turning lathe.



S. W. PUTNAM, 3D. METAL TURNING LATHE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 15, 1912. v

1,042,26. Patented 0013.22, 1912.

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METAL TURNING LATHE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 15, 1912, I

Patented @431 22, 1912.

I INVENTOR v f l 4 Salmon, W win/61 7716? ZZfZ/U J Altorney S. W.PUTNAM, 3D.

METAL TURNING LATHE.

APPLIGATIONIILBD MAY 15, 1912.

Patented Oct. 22, 1912.

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METAL-TURNING LATHE.

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Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented @ct. 2-2, 1199312,

App ication files Ear 1 2- S a n 697%- To all whom {it ma coacem:

Be it known t at I, SALMon W. PUT- NAM, 3d, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Fitchburg, in the county of lVorcester and State ofMassachusetts, haye invented certain new and useful Improvements inMetal-Turning Lathes, of which the following is a s ecification. v

This invention re ates to certain new and useful improvements in lathesdesigned particularly for machining unmounted car wheels, the inventionbeing of such a nature that it may be readily applied to the existingmetal turning lathes known as double driving wheel, coach and truckwheel and steel tire turning lathes without any departure from thespirit of the invention.

As is well known, the various types of wheels in all classes ofrailroading are made by the different wheel manufacturers and sold tothe consumerin an unmounted condition; that is, individually and notmounted on or pressed on the usual axles. In the manufacture of thesewheels, whether the same are steel castings or rolled, stamped or spunfor ings, it has become apparent that the trea s of such wheels must befinished true before they are acceptable to the consumer, and variousmethods including grinding have been tried out all of which arerelatively slow and do not produce a sufficient number of wheels per dayto make these processes commercially cheap.

In the metal turning lathe designed particularly for turning car wheels,there are usually three conditions to be met, namely;(1) Turningthetires of wheels which are mounted upon axles and which have externaljournals upon the axles. (2) Turning the tires upon wheels which aremounted upon axles and have internal journals or journals locatedbetween the wheels. (3) Turning the tires upon Wheels which are in anunmounted position or not mounted upon an axle.

My present improvement relates particularly to this last mentionedcondition, namely, to the machining of unmounted car wheels.

The first and second of the conditions hereinbefore mentioned ,aresatisfactorily met by theexisting several forms of driving wheel lathes,coach and truck wheel lathes and steel tire turning lathes, but thethird condition referred to, is a new one and one that is just becomingapparent and-has not yet receiyed, as far as I am aware, any greatamount of consideration from lathe mam facturers, and yet this thirdcondition, namely, the proper turning of tires upon he l whi h are i anun unt d q I tion and not mounted uponan axleis'a veryimportant one andopens up an entirely new market for a machine suitably adapted for.

the intended purpose.

The essentialobject of my invention 1s, therefore, the constructionof alathe that will be capable ofhandling two wheels simultaneously andwithout mounting the same upon an axle prior to placing in the machine,whether ob ect attained by the provision of an entirelynew lathe or thecbnversion of the presentdriving wheel lathes, coach and wheel trucklathes and steel tire turning lathes into machines which will be ca ableof handling the two unmounted w eels simultaneously and without mountingsaid wheels upon an axle prior to placin them in the machine.

W t the above and other objects in view, my invention consists of theparts, and the constructions, arrangements and combina trons of partswhich I will hereinafter describe and claim.

Heretofore the practice recognized by railroads was to use a wheelhaving either a cast iron or cast steel center upon the pe;

riphery of which by suitable means was placed a steel tire adapted to beput into operation and after wearing a certain amount, these tires wereturned and trued up in lath es of the class before mentioned withoutremoving the tires from the wheel centers, or the wheel centers withtires thereon from the axle having the same mounted thereon. Aftertruing up the wheels were again put into service and these operationswere repeated until the tires were worn out at which time new steeltires were placed upon the wheel centers. This statement has referenceparticularly to cars adapted to passenger service while fr'ge'ight carshave been supplied with the well known chilled cast iron wheel which isunmachinable.

To obtain greater safety of operation, the railroads have beenexperimenting with various forms of wheels, as made by diiferent wheelmanufacturers with the result that for passenger work it has developedthat a solid steel wheel, forged, stamped, or spun is rapidly beingadopted and a steel cast wheel for freight service is .steel castings,that theprocess of manufacture of'the same leaves the treads of. theWheels in a rather rough condition, and on this account it has becomeapparent that thetreads of such Wheels must be machined without mountingthe wheels on axles before they are acceptableto the railroads. It is tomeet this'condition that I have designed the present improvements" whileat the same time I am enabled to apply the improvement to the existinglathes of the t 1yipesbefore alludedto and thereby convert I t e presentcommercial lathes used for turning the tires on mounted wheels to meetthe special condition of turning the tires of wheels which are in anunmounted position or not mounted'upon an axle.

In the accompanying drawings forming a part of thi s specification andin which similar reference characters indicate like parts in the severalviews; Figure 1 illustrates a perspective view of the central portion ofa'lathe' embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a' vertical longitudinalsectional view of the'same showing two unmounted wheels inpo-sition forturning. Fig. 3 is a detail showing one of my improved sustainingelements or centers with its split bushing and showing a tapered plug bywhich the sustaining element or center may be fitted to a hollow lathespindle.v Fig. 4 is a perspective View of the split bushing detached.Fig. 5 is a top plan view of a pair of cutters. Fig. 6 is a sideelevation of the same. Fig. 7 is a view of one of the yokes, 17

Machines of the type hereinbefor referred ,to include as anecessary partof their construction a headstock and a tailstock, these beingsubstantially alike and being located at opposite ends of the machine.portion of the headstock, A, and of the tailstock, B, is shown in Fig.1, said headstock being provided with a face-plate, C, of any well knownand appropriate construction and the tailstock .being likewise providedwith a face-plate, D, each ofthe face-plates being provided with somewell known and appropriate form of holding dog, E, adapted to grip orhold the work to be turned. The headstock is usually fastened to and isrigid with the base or bed, .F, of the machine and the tailstock isdesignedto have a longitudinal movement along the bed or base toward andfrom the headstock, and it is adapted to' be clamped to the bed or basemember at any desired p'oint. I do notshow the details of the headstockand tailstock as these form no part of my present invention, but it willbe understood that these two parts of, the machine will be supplied withthe usual gearing and other accessories,

which are common and well known to the headstock and tailstock ofthe-metal turning lathes of the type herein mentioned. It may be said,however, that the headstock and tailstock of the machines of thecharac-- ter before mentioned are usually provided with hollow spindles,10, which are usually formed with a tapering bore adapted to receivecorrespondingly tapered plugs or other parts.

In the present drawings I have shown my improvements as applied to thetype of lathe having the internal spindle with its tapering bore, toshow how readily the existing lathe can be converted into one which iscapable of machining unmounted car wheels, butyit will be understoodthat my invention is not limited in any manner to this particular typeof latheor in fact to any lathe which requires ornsually employs thehollow spindle having the tapering bore, since all that is required,broadly speaking, is that 'the sustaining centers or elements which Iuse in my improvement shall be rigidly fixed to the lathe spindle andshall project sufficiently beyond the, face-plate of the headstock andtailstock to enable the unmounted wheel to be-suitably positioned, as Iwill that in order to adapt the existing and standard lathes designedfor turning wheels, to meet the special requirements for the unmountedwheel condition before mentioned, Ihave a construction by which I .amenabled to insert into the tapered bore, 11, of the hollow spindle, 10,the special sustaining ele-" ment or center, 12, shown in Fig. 3, and bythe employment of this sustaining element, one for the headstock andanother for the tailstock, and an intermediate mandrel, I am enabled toconvert the present commercial lathe into one which will meet thespecial conditions for unmounted wheels. To this end the sustainingelement or center may be provided with a taper plug, .13, which isreadily adapted for insertion into the tapered bore of the hollowspindle before vmentioned, said element projecting from the face of theplug for a suitable distance, as shown.

In assembling the parts a suitable bush ing, 14, one preferably of thesplit type shown in Fig. 4, is inserted into the wheel to be turned andthe wheel and bushing then placed on the projecting tapering portion of.thesustaining element or center, as shown.

ject-ing beyond the faceplate of the tailstock, and each of theseelements receiving the split' bushing of a wheel to be turned,

between the headstock and tailstock' the'two sustainin elements orcenters being directly in line wIth each other.

It will be observed from Figs. 1 and 2, that the present improvementsfurther include a standard or support, 15, which is fixed to the bed ofthe machine at a oint hich standard serves as a support tor a mandrel ordummy axle, 16, said mandrel being axially alined with the. centers .orsustaining elements, 12, on the headstock and tailstock andbeing free torotate in the support or bearing and tomove longitudinally therein 'asdesired.

mechanism which it usually contains, be

moved along the bed or base of the machine toward the headstock anduntil the split 7 taper bushin s will be suitably expanded against theore of the wheel, by being forced onto the taper portions of thesustaining elements or. centers. This having been done the tailstock issuitably clamped to the bed. The wheels having been turned and it nowbeing desired to remove them from'the machine, I call into play'certainyokes, 17, which are used to assist in withdraw'ingthe wheelsfrom thesustaining ele ments. These yokes are put into position as shown in F 2,and they may hav'e the detailed construction shown in Fig. 8, so thatwhen the tailstock moves away from the headstock, he yokes, which arecarried by the mandrel, 16, will ull the wheels and split taper bushingso of the taper portlons .of the sustaining elements or centers, 12, whenthe wheels maybe readily removed in the usual manner and another pair ofwheels inserted for machining. The yokes have internal channels,'18,which are adapted to receive suitable collars, 19, on the ends of themandrel, and the said bushings have annular channels or grooves, 20, inwhich engage an inwardly turned flange, 21, on the yoke, the yokes beingcurved on the upper.

sides to enable them to fit over the collarson the mandrel and each yokebeing made as a single steel casting with a hand-hold, 22, or otherportion to facilitate its ap lication to and removal from the mandre andsplitbushing,

Referring again to Fig. 2, where the wheels are 1n position, it will beunderstood that the edges of these wheels are suitabiy engaged withthe'drivers or dogs, F5, on the f acerplates of the head and tailstocks,and when so engaged by the dogs the wheels may be readily turned ormachined in the customa-ry manner.

For the purpose of increasing the daily production of such a lathe ashas hereinbefore been described, I employ an improved form of tool blockconstruction shown particularly in Figsr5'and 6, and by reference tothese figures, it will be seen that the tool slide, 30, 1s provided withtwo full width forming tools, 31 and 32, corresponding'to the entirecontour of the wheel to be machined. I prefer to use two blades on eachtool-slide, instead of a single blade fashioned to correspond to theentire contour of the 1 wheel to be machined for the following reasons:First, in, the case of a very bad tire condition, I may use one of thesetools, 31, as a roughing tool and finish with the other, 32; and second,if the tire condition warrants it to use one blade for both roughingandfinishing until it fails, I may then without loss of time change tothe other tool by movlng the tool slide along until the second tool isin position to cut, the tool which 'failed being then replaced byanother one kept ready for that purpose and the'new' blade being put inposition while the second tool is cutting and without loss of time.

It will be noted in Fig. 5, that one of the blades, 32, is in a slightlyretracted position with respect to the other and this is necessary inorder for the retractedblade to clear the driving dogs on theface-plates when the tool-slide is moved toward the face-plate for themore protruded tool, '31, to operate. These tools are slidably mountedon the tool block and secured in their adjusted positions by means ofsuitable screws, 33.

Having thus described. my invention what I claim as new and desire tosecureby Letters Patent is 4 v 1.. In a lathe, the combination with thehead and tailstock thereof and the bed or frameiupon which they aremounted, said headstock and tailstock having internal spindles, of amandrel supported .upon the bed of the machine in line with saidspindles, and sustaining elements or centers rigid with said spindlesand projecting therefrom, said elements adapted .to sustain a wheel tobe machined, at each end of the mandrel, one adjacentthe headstock andthe other adjacent the tailstock.

2. In a'lathe havingfa bed or frame, a headstock and a tai-lstock, andhollow spindles mounted in line within said headstock and tailstock, ofmeans for operatively sup porting pair-of wheels in line upon a com--mon axis, said. means including sustaining elements or centersprojecting beyond the inner faces of the headstock and tailstock androtating with said spindles and each adapter". t1: support one of saidwheels, a

mandrel horizontally disposed in line with said elements or centers, andbushings removablyfitted to the wheels and adapted to lit over saidelements or centers.

3. In a lathe having a bedv or. frame and a headstock and tailstock atopposite por-' tions thereof, said headstock and tailstock havinginternal hollow spindles, of sustaining elements or centers projectingbeyond the inner faces of. the headstock and tailstock and rotating withsaid spindles and and means, connecting the ends of the'm'aneach adaptedtosupport a wheel to hemachined, bushings adapted tocfit the boresofsaid wheels and to receive the projecting portions of the sustainingelements or centers a mandrel horizontally supported in line with thesustainmg elements or center's,

drel to the bushings to facilitate the removal of'the bushings and theirattached Wheels. from the sustaining elements or centers. v v 4:- In alathe having a bed or frame, and avheadstock and tailstock .at oppositepor-. tions thereof, said headstock and tailstock having internalspindles, of sustaining elements or centers vremovably fitted tosaidspindles and projecting beyond the inner faces of the headstock andtailstock, and each adapted to support a wheel to be mashined, splitbushings adapted-tofit the;

bores of said wheels and to receive the projectlng port1ons of thesustalning elements er centers, a mandrel horizontally supported inline'with. the sustaining elements, or centers and having flanged endsadapted to abut corresponding ends of the bush-. ings, and meansconnecting the endsfof the mandrelto the bushings to facilitate theremoval of" the bushings and their attached wheels from the sustainingelements or centers, said means comprising yokes fitted to the bushingsand the flanged. ends of the mandrel.

5. An improved lathe comprising a bed or frame, a headstock, atailstock, said headstock and tailstook each having a revolubleface-plate provided with work-holding dogs, and internal spindles havingsustaining e e-' Loeaaae ments or centers, of supplemental means forspindles and projecting beyond said faceplates and holding dogs andadapted to detachably receive -said split bushings.

6. In a lathe havin tailstdck each with a ongitudinal spindle,

means for machining a pair of wheels simultaneously, said meanscomprising sustaining elements rigid with said spindles, split bushings.adapted to fit the bores of thewvheels .to be turned and to be forcedover the sustaining elements or centers, and a horizontal iongitudlnallyshdable mandrel in llne with said centers or sustainlng element-sandadapted toendwise abut the splitbushings, and means for connecting -'themandrel directly to the bushings to facilitate the remo fal ofthebushings from the a headstock and a sustaining elements when theheadstock and tailstock are moved one relativelyto the other.

7.'A lathe having in combination, a pair of opposed sustaining elementsor centers arranged axially in line, a horizontal, slidably mounted,mandrel in line with saidelements 01'' centers, bushings adaptedtoremovab1y fit the bores of wheels to be machinedand "o be forced oneover each of. said elements or centers, said bushingsadapted to abut theends of the mandrel,-

and means'separably connecting the bushings to adjacent ends of themandrel.

In testimony whereof I allix my signature in presence of two witnesses;

SALli WILDER PUTNAM, 3D. "Witnesses;

ALFRED G. ANDERSON, MINAT S'mwenr.

